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Fractional cash - Zhiyuan Tongbao, Regular script, temple coin
| Issuer | Empire of China |
|---|---|
| Year | 1285-1294 |
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| Currency | Cash (621-1912) |
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| Obverse description | Central square hole surrounded by a plain raised rim on both inner and outer edges. Four Chinese characters in regular script (kaishu) arranged in cruciform reading top-to-bottom, right-to-left: 至元通寶 (Zhiyuan Tongbao), meaning 'Zhiyuan era universal currency,' referencing the second Zhiyuan reign of Kublai Khan (1264–1294). The characters are cast in relief within the flat coin field, exhibiting the restrained, formal calligraphic style typical of Yuan dynasty cash coinage. The overall surface shows natural bronze patination consistent with age. |
|---|---|
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| Mintage | ND (1285-1294) |
| Additional information |
The Zhiyuan Tongbao series was issued under Kublai Khan during a reign defined by the aggressive promotion of paper currency — the chao — as the primary medium of exchange. Bronze cash occupied an awkward position in Mongol fiscal policy, tolerated rather than encouraged, which partly explains the fractional denominations and the relatively limited striking of this series compared to earlier Song issues.
The "temple coin" designation here is significant: these pieces were produced for ritual and votive distribution rather than commercial circulation, accounting for the better preservation frequently encountered on survivors.