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Dukat koronny - Sigismund III Vasa Kraków mint

Issuer Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Year 1609-1613
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Weight 3.47 g
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Obverse description Right-facing armored bust of Sigismund III Vasa wearing an elaborate royal crown with fleur-de-lis finials and a ruff collar, rendered in high relief in the hammered tradition. The king's beard and facial features are carefully detailed, with the royal mantle visible at the shoulder. The effigy is contained within an inner beaded circle. The surrounding legend, interrupted by the portrait, reads SIGIS III DG REX POL ET SVE, identifying the monarch as King of Poland and Sweden by the Grace of God.
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Reverse script Latin
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Additional information

Sigismund III's ducats from the Kraków mint fall within one of the most politically turbulent stretches of his reign — the years immediately surrounding the Polish intervention in Muscovy, which saw Commonwealth forces occupy the Moscow Kremlin in 1610. War of that scale demanded extraordinary fiscal mobilization, and gold coinage from this window was struck and spent with unusual urgency.

The five Kopicki references spanning this date range reflect distinct annual die variations rather than type changes — Kop#1407 in particular is notably scarcer in surviving examples than its neighbors in the sequence.

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