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Ducat - Anthony Fluvian Transition type
| Issuer | Order of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem (Rhodes) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1421-1437 |
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| Currency | Gigliato (1310-1522) |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Christ Pantocrator standing in full figure, robed, with right hand raised in benediction and left hand holding the Gospels, surrounded by a halo of six-pointed stars within a beaded mandorla. The majestic frontal composition follows the Byzantine-influenced iconographic tradition adopted by the Order of St. John on their Rhodian gold coinage. The mandorla is formed by a pointed oval of beads, and additional stars fill the field between the figure and the border. A surrounding circular legend in Latin runs along the coin's outer edge. The overall design closely follows the Venetian ducat model adapted to the religious imagery of the Hospitallers. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Anthony Fluvian de la Rivière served as Grand Master from 1421 to 1437, a period when the Order was consolidating its naval dominance in the eastern Mediterranean and managing the constant financial strain of maintaining Rhodes against Ottoman pressure. The coinage of his tenure occupies an awkward transitional moment — earlier Hospitaller ducats had adhered closely to the Venetian ducat standard to facilitate trade, and the shift toward a distinctly Hospitaller type was gradual enough that die marriages spanning stylistic conventions are documented for this period.
Attribution to Fluvian's mastership rather than his predecessor Jean de Lastic relies primarily on die study and hoard evidence, not mint records, which survive only fragmentarily for Rhodes.