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Dirham - Toqta Bulghar mint
| Issuer | Golden Horde |
|---|---|
| Year | 1296 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Orientation | Variable alignment ↺ |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Arabic |
| Obverse lettering | لا إله إلا الله محمد رسول الله ٦٩٥ |
| Reverse description | The reverse bears a multi-line Arabic inscription in Kufic-influenced script, distributed across the field within a beaded border. The legend reads the mint and issue formula, identifying the coin as struck at Bulghar. The Arabic text is arranged in horizontal registers filling the available flan space, as was standard practice for Golden Horde hammered dirhams. The script shows characteristic ligatures and letter forms of 13th-century Mongol chancery Arabic. The date AH 695 (1296 CE) is incorporated within the obverse lettering. |
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