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Dirham 'Ornamental type' - anepigraphic Bulghar mint

Issuer Golden Horde
Year 1280-1310
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Weight 1.24 g
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Obverse description Central field dominated by a stylized ornamental device comprising a stepped or tower-like geometric motif flanked by two crescent-shaped arches, all executed in a purely decorative, anepigraphic manner characteristic of this Bulghar series. The design is entirely devoid of legible inscriptions. The motif is enclosed within a plain inner border, itself surrounded by a broad outer border of raised pellets forming a beaded circle. The flan is irregular and slightly uneven, consistent with hand-hammered provincial coinage of the late 13th to early 14th century Golden Horde.
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Reverse description Reverse field bears an elaborate ornamental composition of interlocking circular and curvilinear motifs, including pellets, rosettes, and scroll-like elements, arranged in a dense decorative pattern without any legible inscription or text. The design is entirely anepigraphic, reflecting the distinctive non-Islamic ornamental style attributed to the Bulghar mint during this period. A beaded border encircles the design field along the coin's periphery. The flan displays characteristic irregularities in shape and surface typical of hammered coinage, with minor die-shift visible.
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Mint Bulghar
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