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Dirham - Anonymous Bulghar mint
| Issuer | Golden Horde |
|---|---|
| Year | 1280-1310 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1 Dirham / Dang / Yarmag (0.7) |
| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Log in to see details |
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| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Central field dominated by a boldly raised tamga symbol of the Golden Horde, rendered in high relief against a flat ground. The tamga is flanked and surrounded by pseudo-Arabic letters distributed irregularly around the field, imitating Kufic or Naskh script without forming legible words. The flan is irregular and slightly convex, characteristic of primitive hammered coinage from the Bulghar mint. The overall design reflects the aniconic decorative tradition of the Mongol steppe rulers. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse script | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Anonymous issues from the Bulghar mint represent a distinct administrative choice within the Golden Horde monetary system — withholding the khan's name from the coinage was unusual for the period and likely reflects either transitional political authority or deliberate local autonomy during the succession conflicts that plagued the Horde between Möngke Temür's death in 1282 and the consolidation under Toqta after 1291.
Bulghar on the Volga was the northernmost major mint of the Horde, serving trade networks reaching into the Baltic fur markets. The Singatullin reference #197 places this squarely among the least-documented anonymous types.