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Dirham - Al-ashraf Abu'l Nasr Aynal Halab

Issuer Mamluk Sultanate
Year 1453-1461
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse description Central field bears a multi-line Arabic legend enclosed within a small inner circle, proclaiming the royal titulature of the ruling sultan. A secondary circumferential Arabic inscription encircles the inner circle, filling the marginal field between the two borders. The legends are executed in a bold Naskh-style script characteristic of late Mamluk coinage, with letter forms showing the vigorous, slightly compressed style typical of hammered silver dirhams of this period. The flan is irregular and slightly rough at the edges, consistent with hand-struck production. Overall relief is moderately high, with some weakness in strike evident across portions of the inscription.
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Reverse description Three-line Arabic legend arranged horizontally across the central field, enclosed within a circular border with a beaded inner rim. The inscription presents the Islamic shahada in clear Naskh script, a standard religious formula universally employed on Mamluk coinage of this era. The beaded border runs continuously around the circumference of the coin, framing the central text. The flan is hand-struck and irregular, with surface patina consistent with silver of medieval Mamluk issue. Minor flatness in the strike is visible at the periphery, typical of the hammered technique employed at Mamluk mints.
Reverse script Arabic
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