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Dinheiro - João I €-V, Évora mint
| Issuer | Portugal |
|---|---|
| Year | 1386-1397 |
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| Value | Log in to see details |
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| Composition | Billon (.0833 silver) |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse features a bold plain cross pattée extending nearly to the coin's edge, dividing the field into four quadrants. Each quadrant may contain small pellets or annulets as decorative fill elements, consistent with Portuguese dinheiro types of this reign. A circular legend in uncial Latin lettering surrounds the cross device, bearing the devotional inscription ADIVTORIVN:N (a truncated form of 'Adiutorium Nostrum'). The lettering is characteristic of the uncial style employed at the Évora mint during the reign of João I. The overall execution is typical of the rudimentary hammered technique used for base billon coinage of this period. |
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| Reverse lettering | ADIVTORIVN:N |
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| Additional information |
João I came to power through military victory at Aljubarrota in 1385, defeating the Castilian claimants backed by a significant portion of the Portuguese nobility — the same nobility he then systematically excluded from power. His early monetary issues, including this dinheiro, funded an administration built almost entirely on new men: merchants, lawyers, minor gentry. The Évora mint was one of several he activated to meet demand from a kingdom reorganizing itself at speed after civil war.
Billon at this fineness is barely silver by any practical measure, and these pieces circulated hard through a population that had little else for small transactions.