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Dinero - Alfonso I Jaca
| Issuer | Pamplona and Aragon, Kingdom of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1104-1134 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Central motif of a stylized tree or plant with branching foliage, surmounted by a cross pattee at its apex, all within an irregular flan. The horizontal legend ARAGON is inscribed across the field, flanking the central cross, rendered in crude but legible Romanesque lettering characteristic of early 12th-century Aragonese coinage. The overall design is executed in the hammered tradition, with bold relief elements typical of Iberian medieval billon issues. |
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| Reverse description | Draped bust of King Alfonso I facing left, depicted in a schematic Romanesque style with lined hair and stylized drapery, enclosed within a beaded inner circle. The royal effigy shows the king with a diadem or helmet-like crown, rendered with the flat, linear artistic conventions common to early 12th-century Iberian hammered coinage. A circular Latin legend surrounds the central device, reading ANFVS REX, identifying the issuer as King Alfonso. |
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| Additional information |
Alfonso I of Aragon — called "El Batallador," the Battler — issued these billon dineros while simultaneously ruling Pamplona through a dynastic union that proved deeply unstable. His reign was defined by near-constant warfare against the Almoravids, and coin production at Jaca was periodically disrupted by military demands on the treasury. He died in 1134 at the Battle of Fraga, a catastrophic defeat that unraveled the Aragonese-Navarrese union entirely — Navarre immediately broke away and elected its own king.
His childlessness, and the notorious will bequeathing his kingdoms to the military orders of the Temple, Hospital, and Holy Sepulchre, was ultimately ignored by his successors.