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Denier - Immobilization of Geoffrey II under Fulk IV or Fulk V
| Issuer | Anjou, County of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1069-1120 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Reverse description | Central field occupied by the stylized monogram of Fulk, composed of interlaced letters within a beaded or linear inner circle, a design derived from the Carolingian monogram tradition. The monogram is crudely rendered in the hammered style characteristic of Angevin feudal coinage, with strokes that are somewhat worn and irregular due to die deterioration from repeated immobilized use. The surrounding legend, referencing the city of Angers, runs clockwise in debased Latin capitals around the inner circle. |
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| Mintage | ND (1069-1120) |
| Additional information |
The "immobilized" deniers of Anjou present a fascinating administrative artifact: when a coin type proved widely accepted, later counts simply continued striking it under a predecessor's name rather than issuing new types. This piece perpetuates the identity of Geoffrey II (Martel the Younger, d. 1106) across the reigns of Fulk IV Rechin and possibly Fulk V, a span during which Anjou was deeply entangled in conflicts with both Maine and the Norman duchy under William Rufus and later Henry I.
Attribution between Fulk IV and Fulk V remains genuinely difficult without die-study context. Billon content varies across the series, reflecting periodic debasements rather than minting inconsistency.