Denier - Henry II

Historical Context: This Denier, issued between 985 and 995, originates from the Duchy of Bavaria under Henry II. During this period, Henry was Duke of Bavaria (985-1002) before his elevation to King of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor. The coin thus represents his significant ducal authority within the Ottonian Empire, a time of evolving regional power and consolidation. It served as a vital medium of exchange, underpinning the ducal economy and asserting Henry's sovereignty.

Artistry: The specific engraver of this Denier remains anonymous, typical for early medieval coinage. Stylistically, it belongs to the Ottonian school, characterized by a robust yet often abstract approach to design. Common motifs include a stylized bust of the ruler, a prominent cross, or a monogram, surrounded by inscriptions naming the duke or mint. The execution, while lacking classical refinement, conveys a powerful, symbolic message of authority, reflecting the practical and spiritual values of the era.

Technical/Grading: Struck in silver with a weight of 1.60 grams, this Denier exhibits characteristics common to early medieval minting. High-points susceptible to wear typically include central elements of any cross design, prominent features of a bust, or the main legend's serifs. Technical strike qualities often vary, showing evidence of irregular flan shapes, potential off-center strikes, and variable striking pressure from manual hammer striking. These factors contribute to the unique character of each specimen, making full, crisp strikes highly desirable.