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Denier - Edward I
| Issuer | Duchy of Aquitaine (French States) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1272-1306 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | A stylised leopard passant facing left occupies the upper half of the inner field, rendered in a bold, schematic manner typical of Aquitainian hammered coinage. A horizontal line divides the field, with the letters A-Q-T arranged in the lower half, referencing the duchy. The central device is enclosed within a plain inner circle, itself surrounded by a rope or beaded border. The circumscribed legend in uncial Latin letters reads EDWARDVS REX AGL E, identifying Edward as King of England, and runs between the inner border and the irregular outer rim. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin (uncial) |
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| Reverse description | A plain Greek cross pattée with broad arms divides the reverse field into four quadrants, with a prominent letter E in the upper-left angle, serving as a mintmark or initial mark for Edward. The cross extends to the inner beaded or rope border that separates the central device from the circumferential legend. The outer legend in uncial Latin, * DVX AQIT BVRD, proclaims Edward's title as Duke of Aquitaine and identifies Bordeaux as the place of issue. The flan is irregularly shaped, as is characteristic of hammered deniers of this period, with a somewhat crude but bold die-engraving style consistent with late 13th-century Gascon coinage. |
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