Catalog
See full images - free registration
Continue with Google - no registration!
or register with email
Why register? Just to keep bots out of our catalog. Your email stays private - we will never share it or send you anything uninvited. We guarantee you that!
Denier - Conrad II Frisia
| Issuer | Holy Roman Empire |
|---|---|
| Year | 1027-1039 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Log in to see details |
| Technique | Log in to see details |
| Orientation | Log in to see details |
| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
| Reference(s) | Log in to see details |
| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | + CONRAD IMPET (Translation: Emperor Conrad.) |
| Reverse description | A bold central cross with globules or annulets positioned in each of the four quadrants formed by the cross arms, enclosed within a beaded inner circle. The cross extends to the inner circle, dividing the field into four equal sections, each containing a pellet or annulet ornament. The surrounding legend reads + FRESONIA, referencing the Frisian mint region, and is set between the inner beaded circle and the irregular outer rim of this hammered silver denier. |
| Reverse script | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Edge | Log in to see details |
| Mint | Log in to see details |
| Mintage | Log in to see details |
| Additional information |
Conrad II received the Kingdom of Burgundy in 1033 and spent much of his reign consolidating territories that his predecessors had nominally held but never effectively controlled. Frisian coinage under Conrad is particularly difficult to attribute with confidence — the region's decentralized minting practices and persistent die-sharing between ecclesiastical and royal workshops produced a murky documentary record that still frustrates specialists.
The Dann and Kluge references place this squarely within a recognized type, but Frisian deniers of this period circulated aggressively in North Sea trade networks alongside Scandinavian and Anglo-Saxon issues.