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Denier - Coloman
| Issuer | Hungary |
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| Year | 1095-1116 |
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| Shape | Round (irregular) |
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| Obverse description | Central field dominated by a large elongated lozenge-shaped device flanked by four prominent pellets at the cardinal points, with a small cross at the top center. The lozenge encloses a smaller oval ring containing a cruciform element, all set without an inner circle. The legend CALMAИ REX runs around the periphery in stylized Latin characters, divided by the decorative elements of the field. |
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| Obverse lettering | CALMAИ REX (Translation: King Kálmán) |
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| Additional information |
Coloman — known in Hungarian as Könyves Kálmán, "the Bookish" — came to the throne in 1095 after his brother Álmos conspired against him, and ruled as one of medieval Hungary's most legally sophisticated kings. His reign produced the first written Hungarian law codes and saw the kingdom formally renounce the burning of witches, on the grounds that witches do not exist. These deniers circulated through a kingdom actively consolidating royal authority over the church and nobility simultaneously.
The multiple reference concordances for this type reflect decades of cataloguing disputes over die attributions within Coloman's coinage sequence.