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Denier - Charles II Valenciennes
| Issuer | Lotharingia (Carolingian States) |
|---|---|
| Year | 864-875 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | The central field displays the Carolingian royal monogram of Charles (Karolus), composed of interlaced letters arranged in a cruciform pattern, struck in high relief within a beaded inner circle. The monogram integrates the letters C, R, L, and A in the characteristic Carolingian manner associated with the reform coinage of Charles II the Bald. A circumscribed Latin legend reading CRATIA D I REX encircles the beaded border, proclaiming Charles as king by the grace of God. The hammered flan is irregular in outline, typical of mid-ninth-century Carolingian workshop production. The overall style is consistent with the Valenciennois mint issues attributed to the period 864–875. |
|---|---|
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| Obverse lettering | CRΛTIΛ D I REX (Translation: Charles, king by the grace of God.) |
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| Edge | Plain |
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