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Denier - Charles II Toul
| Issuer | Charles II (the Bald) |
|---|---|
| Year | 869-875 |
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| Value | 1 Denier (1⁄240) |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Central field displays a plain cross pattée enclosed within a beaded inner circle, dividing the field into four quadrants, with a small pellet at the center intersection. The cross is boldly rendered in the simple Carolingian tradition. The surrounding legend, reading TIVIIO CIVITAV with an initial cross or star, refers to the mint city of Toul (Tullum Leucorum) and runs around the periphery within a beaded border. The flan edges are irregular, consistent with the hammered technique employed at Carolingian provincial mints. |
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| Mint | Toul |
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| Additional information |
Charles the Bald received Toul — along with Verdun and Metz — through the Treaty of Meerssen in 870, which partitioned the Middle Kingdom of Lothair II between Charles and his brother Louis the German following Lothair's death without legitimate heirs. Coinage from Toul under Charles is consequently confined to a narrow window, ending with Charles's death in 877, and the Morrison references distinguish two die varieties within that short run.