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Denier Bracteate - Walter II

Issuer County of Arnstein
Year 1135-1166
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Value 1 Denier
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Obverse description A heraldic eagle displayed with spread wings perches atop a rounded arch, rendered in bold Romanesque relief characteristic of 12th-century German bracteate coinage. Flanking the eagle to either side are architectural elements: a tall cylindrical tower to the left and a domed rotunda or turret to the right, both depicted in stylized profile. A palmette or fan-shaped foliate ornament appears below the arch in the lower field, completing the composition. The design is enclosed within a raised concentric border, and the entire type is struck in the thin single-sided bracteate technique, producing a mirror-image incuse on the reverse. No legend or inscription is present.
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Additional information

Walter II of Arnstein ruled a modest Thuringian county whose coinage output was limited by both territory and political reach. The bracteate format — struck on a single thin flan so that the design pressed through as a mirror image on the reverse — was the dominant coinage technology across central German territories in the twelfth century, adopted partly because it required less silver per blank than a standard two-sided strike. Arnstein's issues in this period are among the thinner survivals from the Saxon-Thuringian minting zone, and the county itself was absorbed into the Archbishopric of Mainz shortly after Walter II's death.

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