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Denier Bracteate - Bolesław Mieszkowic or Leszek of Masovia Kruszwica or Inowrocław or Płock mint

Issuer Kuyavia, Duchy of
Year 1173-1195
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Value 1 Denier (2)
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Obverse description Frontal facing bust of a crowned ruler, depicted in a stylized Romanesque manner, wearing a crown with visible points and a draped garment. The figure raises both hands in a gesture of authority or blessing, with simplified facial features including a beard rendered in the characteristic linear style of 12th-century Polish bracteate coinage. The effigy is surrounded by a beaded inner circle, beyond which fragmentary Latin lettering appears in the outer field. The overall design is characteristic of Piast dynastic bracteate issues, with bold but crude execution typical of provincial Polish minting of the period.
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Edge Plain
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Additional information

The attribution here has never been fully resolved. Both Bolesław Mieszkowic and Leszek of Masovia ruled fragmented Piast territories during the period of Polish provincial disintegration following the 1138 Testament of Bolesław III Krzywousty, which deliberately subdivided the kingdom among his sons and triggered generations of dynastic contest. Bracteates of this region are notoriously difficult to pin to a specific ruler or mint because die production was decentralized and documentary evidence for Kuyavian minting is thin.

Kruszwica had been a significant Piast stronghold since the early dynasty, though Inowrocław was gaining administrative weight by the late twelfth century.

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