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Denier
| Issuer | City of Geneva |
|---|---|
| Year | 1609 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse description | The numeral I in large roman characters occupies the center of the field within a circular inner border, denoting the denomination of one denier. A circular Latin legend surrounds the central motif, reading I POVR · VN · DENIER, meaning 'I for one denier,' separated by pellet stops. The whole is framed by a beaded outer border consistent with the obverse treatment. |
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| Additional information |
Geneva's copper deniers of this period were struck under the authority of the city's republican magistracy, which had maintained effective independence since breaking with the House of Savoy in the early sixteenth century. The 1609 date places this piece squarely in the tense decades following the Escalade of 1602, when a Savoyard night assault on the city walls was repelled — an event the Genevans commemorated annually and which hardened civic identity considerably.
Small copper issues like this circulated hard in local markets and survive mostly worn flat. The HMZ reference distinguishes die variants within the type that differ in subtle legend spacing.