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Denier

Issuer Bishopric of Geneva
Year 1150
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse script Latin
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Reverse description A bold cross pattée occupies the central field, its arms extending to an inner beaded or plain circle, with the letter S appearing in the upper-left and lower-right cantons, a device characteristic of Genevan episcopal deniers of the mid-twelfth century. The composition is executed in the flat, linear style typical of Romanesque hammered coinage. The surrounding circular legend + GENEVA CIVITAS identifies the city of Geneva as the place of issue.
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Additional information

The Bishops of Geneva exercised temporal coinage rights alongside their ecclesiastical authority from at least the mid-twelfth century, a privilege that brought them into sustained conflict with the Counts of Geneva over control of the city's commercial traffic. This denier belongs to that contested period, when the mint at Geneva was producing episcopal coin to assert jurisdictional dominance over a strategically positioned crossing on the Rhône.

The HMZ 1-292a attribution places this among the earliest documented Geneva episcopal issues.

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