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Denaro cremonese in the name of Frederick II, Stars
| Issuer | Commune of Cremona |
|---|---|
| Year | 1254-1300 |
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| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Lira |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse description | Central field features a long cross with small stars or pellets in the angles, enclosed within a linear circle, a common compositional device on Imperial-title denari of northern Italian communes. The surrounding legend invokes Emperor Frederick II, asserting the commune's imperial allegiance. The inscription is distributed around the circumference, partially obscured by the irregularity of the flan and the weakness of the strike. The workmanship is characteristic of hammered billon coinage struck under communal authority in the latter half of the 13th century. Small star-shaped or omega-form punctuation marks serve as word dividers within the legend. |
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| Reverse lettering | * FREDERICVS Ω P * R I (Translation: Emperor Frederick.) |
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