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Denarius - Mark Antony ANT•AVG III•VIR•R•P•C / LEG•XVIII•LYBICAE
| Issuer | Roman Republic (509 BC - 27 BC) |
|---|---|
| Year | 32 BC - 31 BC |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse description | A legionary aquila (eagle standard) with outstretched wings displayed centrally, flanked on each side by a legionary signum (military standard) consisting of a staff surmounted by a hand and decorated with phalerae (disc ornaments). The three standards rest on a ground line across the lower field, creating a symmetrical and formally composed military scene. The legend LEG•XVIII•LYBICAE curves along the upper periphery, identifying this issue as struck for the Eighteenth Legion, the Libyan. A border of dots frames the entire design. |
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Struck in the field to pay Antony's legions during the buildup to Actium, these legionary denarii were produced in enormous numbers across a mobile mint — likely following Antony's forces through Greece and the eastern Mediterranean. The silver content was deliberately debased relative to contemporary Caesarian issues, a fact Roman soldiers would have recognized and resented. Legion XVIII Lybicae takes its cognomen from its service in Libya, one of the fewer geographically-named legions in the series.
The type circulated for decades after Actium, turning up in hoards well into Augustus's reign — ironic given that the victor systematically erased Antony's name from public monuments.