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Cruzado - João IV Porto
| Issuer | Portuguese Monarchy |
|---|---|
| Year | 1643-1658 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | 22.94 g |
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|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse lettering | IN HOC SIGNO VINCES PP PP |
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| Additional information |
João IV reclaimed the Portuguese throne in 1640 after sixty years of Iberian Union under Spanish Habsburg rule, and the reestablishment of an independent Portuguese mint at Porto was a deliberate assertion of restored sovereignty — the city had been a royalist stronghold throughout the Restoration War. The cruzado novo, struck in high-grade silver at a time when the crown was simultaneously funding a grinding conflict against Spain and defending colonial possessions from Dutch encroachment in Brazil and Angola, circulated under extraordinary fiscal pressure.
Porto-struck examples are distinguished from Lisbon issues by mintmark, and the series shows documented die variation across the fifteen-year span of production.