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Copper VERMONTENSIUM
| Issuer | Republic of Vermont |
|---|---|
| Year | 1786 |
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| Currency | Dollar |
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| Reverse description | The reverse features a large rayed sun centered in the field, its long straight rays extending nearly to the border, with a prominent eye depicted at the center of the solar disc — an allusion to the all-seeing eye symbolizing Vermont's aspirations for statehood. Thirteen six-pointed stars are arranged in a circle around the sun, representing the original thirteen states, while the addition of Vermont as the fourteenth is conveyed by the surrounding Latin legend QUARTA . DECIMA . STELLA, meaning 'Fourteenth Star,' distributed around the upper and lateral periphery. A toothed border frames the entire design. |
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| Reverse lettering | QUARTA . DECIMA . STELLA (Translation: Fourteenth star) |
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| Additional information |
Vermont declared independence in 1777 — not from Britain, but from New York, which had long disputed the territory. It operated as a fully sovereign republic for fourteen years before joining the Union in 1791, and its coinage reflects that unusual status. The 1786 coppers were authorized by the Vermont General Assembly and struck under contract, initially by Reuben Harmon Jr. at his mill in Rupert.
KM#4 represents a specific die pairing within a series notorious for its variety complexity. Collectors working the Vermont series must contend with mulings, unofficial restrikes, and dies of uncertain attribution — Harmon's operation was not a precision mint.