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Aureus - Trajan COS V P P S P Q R OPTIMO PRINC REST ITAL, Italia
| Issuer | Roman Imperial Mint |
|---|---|
| Year | 103-111 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
| Obverse lettering | IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P (Translation: Imperator Traiano Augustus, Germanicus, Dacicus, Pontifex Maximus, Tribunicia Potestate. Supreme commander (Imperator), of Trajan, emperor (Augustus), conqueror of the Germans, conqueror of the Dacians, high priest, holder of tribunician power.) |
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The REST ITAL legend — short for restitutori Italiae — refers to Trajan's alimenta program, a welfare scheme established around 98–99 AD that used interest from state loans to Italian landowners to fund food and support for freeborn children across the peninsula. It was less charity than demographic policy: a calculated attempt to arrest rural depopulation and boost the free Italian citizen base from which the legions were drawn.
RIC II 106 is one of several "restitutor" types Trajan issued concurrently, each honoring a different province or people. The Italian version carries particular ideological weight given Rome's long-standing anxiety about the decline of the Italian peasantry since the Gracchan era.