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Aureus - Augustus IMP XII ACT, Apollo
| Issuer | Roman Empire (27 BC - 395 AD) |
|---|---|
| Year | 11 BC - 10 BC |
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| Composition | Gold |
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| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse description | Apollo standing in three-quarter view to the left, depicted in the guise of the Actian Apollo, patron deity of Augustus's decisive naval victory at Actium in 31 BC. In his extended right hand he holds a plectrum, while his left arm supports a kithara (lyre), the instrument emblematic of his divine patronage of the arts and of Augustan ideology. The figure is rendered in a classicising Hellenistic style. The abbreviated legend appears in the field around the deity, commemorating both the twelfth imperatorial acclamation and the victory at Actium. |
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Issued in the years immediately following Augustus's sweeping constitutional settlement of 13 BC, this aureus belongs to a series struck at the Lugdunum mint during a period when Augustus was consolidating the Principate's religious and dynastic messaging. The IMP XII tribunician dating places it precisely in 11–10 BC, a year marked by the death of Agrippa and the early maneuvering around succession. Apollo held particular personal significance for Augustus — he credited the god with his victory at Actium and constructed the Temple of Apollo Palatinus in 28 BC in deliberate proximity to his own residence on the Palatine.