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Ashrafi - al-Ashraf Tumanbay II al-Qahira
| Issuer | Mamluk Sultanate |
|---|---|
| Year | 1516 |
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| Reference(s) | A#1045 |
| Obverse description | Struck in the hammered tradition, the obverse bears multiple lines of bold Arabic calligraphy in the Thuluth script filling the entire field. The legend proclaims the sultan's titles and name, al-Ashraf Tumanbay, rendered in flowing raised script across the broadly irregular flan. No figural imagery is present, consistent with Islamic numismatic convention; the inscriptions serve as the sole decorative and identifying elements. The lettering is deeply struck with characteristically bold strokes, though some peripheral text is partially off-flan due to the irregularity of the hammered blank. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Arabic |
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| Reverse description | The reverse is entirely covered with multiple horizontal lines of Arabic Thuluth-style calligraphy in high relief, densely packed across the irregular flan. The legend contains the Shahada and additional religious formulae, along with the mint name al-Qahira (Cairo) and the regnal or Hijri date, following standard Mamluk ashrafi typology. The script is boldly modelled with pronounced relief, exhibiting the characteristic fluidity of late Mamluk die-engraving. Some legends are partially off-flan at the margins, a feature typical of hammered coinage of this period. |
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