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Issuer Pax Julia, City of
Year 27 BC - 14 AD
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Technique Hammered
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Obverse description Bare head of Augustus facing right, rendered in the Julio-Claudian portrait style characteristic of early Augustan provincial coinage. The effigy is depicted without laurel wreath or diadem, emphasizing the princeps in his civil role. The flan is irregular and the field is plain, with no surrounding legend, consistent with the coinage of the municipium of Pax Julia.
Obverse script Latin
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Reverse description A draped female figure, identified as Pax or a local personification, seated on a throne facing left. She holds a caduceus in her right hand and a cornucopia in her left, symbols of peace, prosperity, and commerce. The abbreviated civic legend PAX IVL appears in the field to the right, identifying the issuing city of Pax Julia (modern Beja, Portugal). The composition reflects the Augustan ideological program of peace and abundance as expressed through Hispanian municipal coinage.
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