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Æ37 - Gallienus (sole reign) (ΠΕΡΓΑΜΗΝΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΕΦΕϹΙΩΝ ΟΜΟΝΟΙΑ, ΕΠΙ ϹΕΞ ΚΛ ϹΕΙΛΙΑΝΟΥ)
| Issuer | City of Pergamum (Conventus of Pergamum) |
|---|---|
| Year | 260-268 |
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| Composition | Bronze |
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| Obverse script | Greek |
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| Reverse description | Homonoia type depicting two divine figures in juxtaposition, symbolising the concord between Pergamum and Ephesus. At left, Asclepius, patron deity of Pergamum, stands facing right, leaning upon his serpent-entwined staff (the caduceus of healing); at right, the cult statue of Ephesian Artemis (Artemis Ephesia) stands facing, rendered in the distinctive xoanon form with multiple breast ornaments and flanking animal reliefs characteristic of the great temple at Ephesus. The two-part legend in the field and exergue names both cities and the presiding magistrate. |
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This coin belongs to a category of homonoia issues — pieces struck jointly by two cities to commemorate their political and religious concord. The pairing of Pergamum and Ephesus was among the most prestigious in the province of Asia, both cities having long competed for the title of "First City" of the province and the privileges that came with it. Striking a shared homonoia issue was partly a diplomatic performance, a way of staging civic harmony while the rivalry quietly continued.
The magistrate named in the legend, Sex. Cl. Seilianus, anchors this to a specific administrative moment under Gallienus's sole reign after Valerian's capture by Shapur I in 260.