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Æ34 - Philip I ΕΠ Ϲ ΑΥΡ ΟΝΗϹΙΜΟΥ Τ Ε, ΤΗΜΝΕΙΤΩΝ (retrograde)

Issuer Temnus (Conventus of Smyrna)
Year 244-249
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Weight 24.08 g
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Obverse description Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Emperor Philip I (Philip the Arab) facing right, rendered in the three-quarter rear view characteristic of mid-third century provincial coinage. The imperial effigy displays a laurel wreath atop the head, with visible drapery folds and cuirass detailing at the shoulder. The encircling Greek legend runs around the periphery of the flan. The strike is moderately well-centred on an irregular, broad flan typical of Asiatic provincial bronze production of the period.
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Obverse lettering ΑΥ Κ Μ ΙΟΥ ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟϹ
(Translation: Emperor Caesar Marcus Julius Philip)
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Additional information

Temnus was a minor Aeolian city whose civic coinage under Philip I represents one of the more obscure corners of the Asian provincial series. The magistrate named in the legend — Aurelius Onesimos — held a role roughly equivalent to a civic magistrate responsible for authorizing the bronze issue, a common administrative arrangement in the Conventus of Smyrna during the mid-third century.

The retrograde ethnic ΤΗΜΝΕΙΤΩΝ is a curiosity worth noting. Engraving errors of this kind occasionally point to a die-cutter working from a wax impression rather than correcting for the reversal required in die work.

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