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Æ27 - Valerian and Gallienus ΕΦΕϹΙΩΝ ΠΡΩΤΩΝ / ΑϹΙΑϹ
| Issuer | Ephesus (Conventus of Ephesus) |
|---|---|
| Year | 253-268 |
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| Shape | Round (irregular) |
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| Obverse description | Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Gallienus facing right, rendered from a rear three-quarter perspective, a presentation characteristic of the Valerianic period provincial coinage of Asia Minor. The emperor's paludamentum and cuirass are visible, conveying his dual civil and military authority. The encircling Greek legend identifying the emperor runs along the border of the flan. The portrait style reflects the distinctive provincial workshop tradition of Ephesus, with robust relief and attention to the imperial regalia. Surface shows an attractive green patina consistent with long-term burial. |
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| Obverse lettering | ΑΥΤ Κ ΠΟ ΛΙΚ ΓΑΛΛΙΗΝΟϹ (Translation: Emperor Caesar Publius Licinius Gallienus) |
| Reverse description | Artemis, the patron goddess of Ephesus, depicted standing with legs crossed, facing right, in a pose of graceful contrapposto. She holds a bow in her raised left hand and a torch directed downward in her right hand, attributes linking her to both the hunt and her role as a chthonic deity. To her right, a stag — her sacred animal — stands in the field, reinforcing the divine iconography. The encircling Greek legend proclaims Ephesus's prestigious civic title as foremost city of Asia. The composition reflects the high-quality die engraving tradition of the Ephesian civic mint under the joint reign of Valerian I and Gallienus. |
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