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Æ27 - Valerian and Gallienus ΕΦΕϹΙΩΝ Γ ΝΕΩΚΟΡΩΝ
| Issuer | Ephesus (Conventus of Ephesus) |
|---|---|
| Year | 253-260 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Draped and diademed bust of Salonina facing right, supported on a crescent. The empress is depicted wearing a stephane and elaborate drapery rendered in the provincial Greek style characteristic of Ephesian coinage of the mid-third century AD. A circular Greek legend surrounds the effigy in the field. The portrait conveys the idealized, slightly rigid style typical of Asian provincial bronze coinage under joint rule of Valerian and Gallienus. |
|---|---|
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| Mintage | ND (253-260) |
| Additional information |
Ephesus held the title of neokoros — temple warden — multiple times over, and the Γ ΝΕΩΚΟΡΩΝ legend on this issue announces its third such honor, a distinction aggressively pursued through the imperial cult and requiring direct petition to Rome. The joint reign of Valerian and Gallienus, father and son ruling simultaneously as co-emperors from 253, gave provincial mints an unusual opportunity: honoring both rulers on a single civic issue carried distinct diplomatic weight during a period when the empire was fracturing under simultaneous pressure from Sassanid Persia in the east and Gothic incursions across the Danube.
Valerian's capture by Shapur I at the Battle of Edessa in 260 effectively ended the co-regency's coherence and terminated most joint provincial issues. This piece falls somewhere within that seven-year window.