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Æ27 - Philip I ΝΙΚΟΜΗΔΕΩΝ ΔΙϹ ΝΕΩΚΟΡΩΝ
| Issuer | Nicomedia (Bithynia and Pontus) |
|---|---|
| Year | 244-249 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Bare-headed, cuirassed bust of Philip II as Caesar facing right, portrayed in three-quarter frontal perspective, with short cropped hair rendered in fine strands. The figure wears a muscled cuirass with pteruges visible at the shoulder, and carries a spear over the right shoulder with a shield at the left side. The encircling Greek legend runs around the periphery of the obverse field within a beaded border. |
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| Obverse lettering | Μ ΙΟΥΛΙΟϹ ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟϹ ΚΑΙϹΑΡ (Translation: Marcus Julius Philippus Caesar) |
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Nicomedia held the title of neokoros — temple warden — twice over by Philip's reign, having earned it first under Domitian and again under Septimius Severus, a distinction the city aggressively advertised on its coinage as proof of imperial favor and religious seniority over rival Bithynian cities, particularly Nicaea. The phrase ΔΙϹ ΝΕΩΚΟΡΩΝ encoded that rivalry directly into the bronze.
Philip I came to power after engineering, or at minimum tolerating, the murder of Gordian III on campaign against Persia in 244.