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Æ27 - Philip I ΝΙΚΑΙΩΝ ΑΥΓΟΥϹΤΙΑ ϹΕΥΗΡΙΑ
| Issuer | Nicaea (Bithynia and Pontus) |
|---|---|
| Year | 244-249 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Philip I facing right, rendered in three-quarter view from the rear, a presentation characteristic of later Roman provincial coinage. The radiate crown, with its distinctive spiked rays, surmounts the emperor's head, while the paludamentum and scale armor are visible on the truncation. The surrounding Greek legend runs clockwise around the obverse field, identifying the emperor by his full imperial titulature. The portrait displays the broad-faced physiognomy typical of Philip I's provincial issues, with visible surface patination consistent with a well-circulated bronze specimen. |
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| Obverse lettering | Μ ΙΟΥΛΙΟϹ ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟϹ ΑΥΓ (Translation: Marcus Julius Philippus Augustus) |
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Nicaea's civic bronze coinage under Philip I leaned heavily into honorific titulature, and the ΑΥΓΟΥϹΤΙΑ ϹΕΥΗΡΙΑ epithet in this issue's legend reflects the city's cultivation of imperial favor — Nicaea and its rival Nicomedia competed aggressively for prestige titles granted by Rome throughout the third century. The Severan reference embedded in the title is retrospective flattery, invoking a dynasty already extinct by Philip's accession in 244.
Philip himself came to power after engineering, or at minimum facilitating, the murder of Gordian III on campaign in Mesopotamia.