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Æ25 - Caracalla ΝΙΚΑΙΕΩΝ
| Issuer | Nicaea (Bithynia and Pontus) |
|---|---|
| Year | 198-217 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Hammered |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Greek |
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| Reverse description | A hexastyle temple depicted in frontal elevation, featuring six slender columns supporting a triangular pediment ornamented with a central pellet in the tympanum. The architectural rendering follows the conventional schematic style of Bithynian civic bronze coinage, with visible column shafts and a stepped stylobate at the base. The ethnic legend ΝΙΚΑΙΕΩΝ is distributed in the field to either side of the temple facade, identifying the issuing city of Nicaea. A dotted border frames the entire reverse design. |
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| Additional information |
Nicaea's municipal bronze coinage under Caracalla was produced by civic authority, not imperial mandate — the city paid for the dies, organized the strikes, and circulated the coins locally within Bithynia. The legend ΝΙΚΑΙΕΩΝ asserts civic identity in the Greek east at a moment when Caracalla was aggressively centralizing power in Rome, culminating in the Constitutio Antoniniana of 212 AD, which extended Roman citizenship across the empire — a reform that may have quietly undermined the cultural distinctiveness these provincial civic issues were designed to project.