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Æ24 - Valerian and Gallienus ΝΙΚΑΙΕΩΝ ΒΥΖΑΝΤΙΩΝ, ΟΜΟΝΟΙΑ
| Issuer | Nicaea (Bithynia and Pontus) |
|---|---|
| Year | 253-268 |
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| Composition | Bronze |
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| Obverse lettering | ΠΟ(Υ) ΛΙ ΕΓ(Ν) ΓΑΛΛΙΗΝΟϹ (ϹΕΒ) (Translation: Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus Augustus) |
| Reverse description | Two fish traps depicted upright in the central field, flanking a lighted altar placed between them. The fish traps are rendered as conical wicker basket forms, a distinctive emblem associated with the homonoia coinage linking Nicaea and Byzantium. The Greek legend is distributed around the periphery of the flan, referencing the concordance (homonoia) between the two cities. The reverse type symbolises the commercial and civic alliance between Nicaea and Byzantium, both prominent cities of Bithynia. |
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This homonoia issue documents a formal alliance between Nicaea and Byzantium, two cities with a long history of rivalry over regional prestige and commercial dominance in the Propontis. Such concordia coinages were diplomatic instruments — struck to commemorate a specific agreement, treaty, or shared civic honor rather than for routine circulation. The pairing of Valerian and Gallienus as co-emperors dates the issue to their joint reign, though local Bithynian minting was largely winding down by the 260s as the third-century crisis disrupted provincial civic coinage across the empire.