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Æ21 - Valerian and Gallienus C G I H (AR)
| Issuer | Parium (Conventus of Adramyteum) |
|---|---|
| Year | 253-260 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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|---|---|
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| Obverse lettering | IMP C VALERIANVS A |
| Reverse description | A Capricorn, the zodiacal emblem closely associated with the Julio-Claudian and later imperial dynasties, is depicted striding to the right, with a globe clasped between its forelegs. A cornucopia rises prominently from its back, symbolizing abundance and prosperity under imperial rule. The reverse legend, identifying the issuing colony, is arranged in the field and exergue around the central type. The composition references Parium's colonial status and its loyalty to Rome through the use of traditional Augustan dynastic imagery. The engraving, though worn, retains the essential iconographic elements characteristic of Parian civic bronze issues of the Valerianic period. |
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| Additional information |
Parium, a Roman colony on the southern shore of the Propontis, maintained an unusually active civic mint through the joint reign of Valerian I and Gallienus — a period defined externally by the catastrophic Gothic and Persian pressures on Rome's frontiers and internally by currency debasement so severe that bronze civic issues like this one were increasingly the only coinage ordinary provincials trusted. The abbreviated obverse titulature, rendered in the colony's characteristic compact Latin, reflects Parium's long-standing pride in its colonial status dating back to Julius Caesar's refoundation.