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Æ19 - Hadrian C I F ANN CLXVIII
| Issuer | Sinope (Bithynia and Pontus) |
|---|---|
| Year | 122-123 |
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| Shape | Round (irregular) |
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| Obverse lettering | IMP CAES TRAI HADRIANVS AVGVSTVS |
| Reverse description | Standing figure of Athena or Roma facing, head turned to the left, depicted in military attire. The deity holds an upright spear in her right hand, while her left arm rests upon a large round shield set upon a small base, possibly an altar. The composition is characteristic of Roman provincial coinage from Sinope celebrating martial protective divinities. The reverse legend C I F ANN CLXVIII, an abbreviation for Colonia Iulia Felix Sinopensis, year 168 of the Sinopean colonial era, is disposed around the field, firmly dating the issue to 122–123 AD. |
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| Additional information |
Sinope was a Roman colony of considerable standing — its colonist status, abbreviated C I F (Colonia Iulia Felix), traced back to Caesar's refoundation of the city around 45 BC. The dating formula ANN CLXVIII counts forward from that colonial foundation, placing this issue precisely in Hadrian's visit to the Black Sea region during his extensive tour of the eastern provinces, 121–123 AD. Hadrian's presence in Bithynia and Pontus was not ceremonial; he was auditing provincial administration and overseeing infrastructure, and local coinages of this moment frequently reflect that civic energy.