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Æ19 - Antoninus Pius S C, Antioch

Issuer Antioch on the Orontes
Year 138-161
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Technique Hammered
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Obverse description Laureate and draped bust of Antoninus Pius facing right, occupying the central field. The Greek legend ΑΥΤ ΚΑΙ ΤΙ ΑIΛ ΑΔΡΙ ΑΝΤωΝΕΙΝΟϹ ϹΕΒΑ ΕΥ runs around the periphery, rendering the emperor's full imperial titulature in abbreviated form. The portrait displays characteristic features of Antoninus Pius including a short beard and the imperial laurel wreath. The flan is irregular, typical of provincial bronze issues struck at Antioch on the Orontes. The style is consistent with the civic coinage produced at Antioch during the Antonine period.
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Obverse lettering ΑΥΤ ΚΑΙ ΤΙ ΑIΛ ΑΔΡΙ ΑΝΤωΝΕΙΝΟϹ ϹΕΒΑ ΕΥ
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Additional information

Antioch retained the right to strike bronze civic coinage under Roman imperial authority, a privilege jealously guarded by the city and periodically reaffirmed by successive emperors. The S C formula on provincial Antiochene bronzes has puzzled scholars — it mirrors the senatorial authorization formula of Roman aes coinage, yet its exact constitutional meaning in a Syrian civic context remains unresolved.

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