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Æ18 - Septimius Severus ΕΦΕϹΙΩΝ

Issuer Ephesus (Conventus of Ephesus)
Year 193-211
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Composition Bronze
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Obverse description Bare-headed, draped and cuirassed bust of Geta as Caesar facing right, depicted from the rear in three-quarter view. The portrait presents the youthful features characteristic of Geta's early coinage. The obverse legend encircles the bust in Greek characters, identifying the subject as Publius Septimius Geta in his Caesarian capacity.
Obverse script Greek
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Ephesus held the title of "first and greatest metropolis of Asia" during the Severan period, a designation fiercely contested by Smyrna and Pergamon, and one which the city's magistrates leveraged aggressively in their civic coinage. The ΕΦΕϹΙΩΝ ethnic inscription was itself a political statement — the abbreviated form used here reflects standard civic pride rather than any special imperial grant, though Ephesus held neokoros status multiple times under Severus.

The conventus system meant Roman judicial authority was physically centered in Ephesus, drawing litigants and commerce from across the province each assize season — likely the primary circulation context for small bronzes of this module.

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