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9 Pence Colony of Pennsylvania
| Issuer | Commonwealth of Pennsylvania |
|---|---|
| Year | 1777 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Plain laid-paper reverse printed entirely in letterpress, enclosed by a typographic border of repeating X and cross ornaments. The stern anti-counterfeiting warning "To Counterfeit is Death" appears at the top, followed by the denomination "Nine Pence" in large roman type, two rows of decorative typographic fleurons, and the imprint line crediting John Dunlap of Philadelphia as printer with the date 1777, concluded by a repeat of the denomination at the foot. |
| Reverse lettering | To Counterfeit is Death. Nine Pence. PHILADELPHIA: Printed by JOHN DUNLAP. 1777. Nine Pence. |
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| Comments |
Pennsylvania's 1777 emission was authorized under the new state government — the Commonwealth, not the colonial assembly that had issued earlier notes — making this one of the first issues to carry that designation. John Dunlap, who had printed the Declaration of Independence just the previous year, produced these notes at his Philadelphia shop on Market Street.
The 9 Pence denomination is an artifact of pre-decimal inertia. Pennsylvania continued issuing in pounds, shillings, and pence well into the Revolutionary period even as the Continental Congress was pushing dollar-denominated currency in parallel.