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500 Reales de Vellón Banco de Cádiz
| Issuer | Banco de Cádiz |
|---|---|
| Year | 1859 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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| Obverse description | Central intaglio vignette of Hercules seated between two lions, flanked on either side by guilloche medallion clusters bearing the denomination "SON 500 Rs. Von." in large numerals. The bank title "BANCO DE CADIZ" is set in ornate letterpress at the top, with elaborate scrollwork borders framing the entire note. Two serial number panels appear below the denomination medallions, with manuscript date and handwritten signatures of the Comisario Regio, Director, Interventor, and Cajero occupying the lower portion. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Predominantly plain paper reverse with a faint guilloche watermark pattern visible across the surface. Two cancellation stamps have been applied: a black typeset arch stamp reading "BANCO DE CADIZ / EN LIQUIDACION" in the upper area, and a violet letterpress stamp along the left margin reading "BANCO DE CADIZ / EN LIQUIDACION" with a partial "Pagado" (Paid) notation, indicating the note was redeemed during the bank's liquidation proceedings. |
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| Comments |
The Banco de Cádiz was one of Spain's provincial banks operating under the 1856 banking law, which briefly permitted a network of regional note-issuing institutions before the Banco de España progressively absorbed their privileges through the 1870s. Cádiz, as a major Atlantic port, had genuine commercial need for high-denomination paper, but circulation of these notes rarely extended far beyond the city itself — regional acceptance was always the practical ceiling for provincial Spanish issues of this period.
The 500 Reales de Vellón denomination was substantial. Few examples from any Cádiz issue have survived in collectible condition, largely because redemption records suggest most notes returned to the bank and were cancelled rather than preserved.