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50 Céntimos Orihuela
| Issuer | Orihuela, Municipality of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1937 |
| Type | Emergency banknote |
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|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | EL CONSEJO MUNICIPAL DE ORIHUELA 50 PAGARA AL PORTADOR CINCUENTA CENTIMOS (ACUERDO DE 4 FEBRERO 1937) ORIHUELA 13 MAYO 1937 (Translation: The Municipal Council of Orihuela Will pay the bearer Fifty Centimos (Agreement of February 4, 1937) Orihuela May 13, 1937) |
| Reverse description | Printed in green and orange on plain paper, the reverse places the municipal crowned coat of arms of Orihuela at centre against a crosshatch guilloche underprint. The denomination numeral "50" appears at upper left and the abbreviation "CTS" at upper right, with the issuing authority's name arching across the upper field within a geometric border frame. A serial number is printed vertically along the right margin, and a guarantee legend citing the Bank of Spain deposit runs along the lower margin. |
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| Comments |
Orihuela, a municipality in Alicante province, issued emergency fractional currency during the Spanish Civil War as Republican-controlled local governments scrambled to address a chronic shortage of small change — the hoarding of coins had become acute by 1937, with metallic currency disappearing from circulation almost entirely in many parts of Republican Spain. These municipal emissions, known as "moneda local de necesidad," were technically illegal under the Republican central government's monetary decrees but were tolerated out of necessity.
The Gari Montserrat catalogue is the standard reference for these Spanish Civil War local issues. Condition problems are endemic to the type — thin wartime paper, often poorly stored.