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50 Céntimos Libros

Issuer Consejo Municipal de Libros (Province of Teruel)
Year 1937
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Size 59 × 47 mm
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Obverse description Plain cream paper note printed entirely in black letterpress, with no vignette or decorative underprint. The issuing authority's name appears at the top, followed by the denomination in large bold italic type at centre, and the place and date of issue below. The president's printed name and title appear at the foot, accompanied by a handwritten blue ink signature and a handwritten blue serial number in the upper right corner.
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Reverse description Completely unprinted reverse, with plain cream-coloured paper showing natural laid texture and slight age toning at the edges.
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Comments

One of hundreds of emergency municipal issues that flooded the Republican zone after the July 1936 military uprising paralyzed the Spanish banking system and drained small coinage from circulation almost immediately. The Consejo Municipal de Libros — a village in Teruel province with a population that likely numbered in the hundreds — printed its own fractional currency out of pure necessity, not any formal monetary authority.

Teruel itself became one of the most brutally contested fronts of the war, changing hands in the brutal winter of 1937–38. Whether notes from Libros survived that campaign in any quantity is the real question.

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