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50 Centesimi - Victor Emmanuel III
| Issuer | Italian State Mint |
|---|---|
| Year | 1936-1938 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Bare-headed right-facing effigy of King Victor Emmanuel III occupies the central field, rendered in high relief with finely detailed facial features in a naturalistic sculptural style characteristic of Italian Art Deco coinage. The truncation of the bust is plain, with the engraver's signature G. ROMAGNOLI inscribed along the lower border. The surrounding legend, interrupted by raised bullet stops, reads VITT·EMAN·III·RE·E·IMP, abbreviating Vittorio Emanuele III Re e Imperatore (King and Emperor of Italy), in reference to his proclamation as Emperor of Ethiopia in 1936. The inscription arcs around the full circumference of the coin, with the royal and imperial titles distributed across the upper and right fields. |
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| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
These three years of issue coincide precisely with the Italian invasion and occupation of Ethiopia, after which Mussolini proclaimed the "Italian Empire" in May 1936 and Victor Emmanuel III assumed the title of Emperor. The nickel alloy itself reflects wartime material strategy — Italy's silver coinage had already been withdrawn and melted down years earlier under economic pressure from League of Nations sanctions imposed after the Ethiopian campaign.