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5 Yuan Kiang Hwai Bank of China, overprint on 1 Yuan
| Issuer | Kiang Hwai Bank of China |
|---|---|
| Year | 1941 |
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| Shape | Rectangular |
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| Obverse description | Blue-green tinted note with a central vignette of a rural harvest scene showing workers sawing wood and cultivating a rice paddy, framed by ornate floral corner medallions. The bank name 江淮銀行 appears across the top, with the denomination 壹圓 rendered in large Chinese characters flanking the central vignette on both sides. A rectangular overprint in Chinese characters reads 作伍圓 (equivalent to 5 Yuan) applied vertically at left and right margins, with a further overprint panel at the lower centre. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Brick-red note with an elaborate guilloche underprint and symmetrical ornamental cartouches at left and right, each enclosing a decorative numeral '1'. The legend KIANG HWAI BANK OF CHINA is printed across the top in Roman capitals, with ONE YUAN centred below. A red Chinese-character overprint 作伍圓 (5 Yuan surcharge) is applied horizontally across the centre of the note, serial number A033100 appears at lower left and right, and a manuscript signature is present above the date 1941 at bottom centre. |
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| Comments |
The Kiang Hwai Bank of China was a puppet institution established under the Japanese-sponsored Wang Jingwei regime in Nanjing, and this overprinted note is a direct product of wartime monetary improvisation. Rather than printing new denominations from scratch, the occupying administration authorized the revaluation of existing 1 Yuan notes by stamping them with a 5 Yuan overprint — a stopgap that kept currency supply moving without the delays of fresh print runs.
The S-prefix in the Pick reference places this firmly in the specialized Chinese regional and political issues catalog. Genuine examples of S3118A are scarce; the overprint itself is the authenticating detail to scrutinize.