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5 Pesos Oro Legal
| Issuer | Banco de Caldas |
|---|---|
| Year | 1919 |
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| Shape | Rectangular |
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| Obverse description | Black and pink intaglio print on white paper. Central guilloche vignette contains the denomination CINCO PESOS ORO LEGAL in ornate lettering, flanked by numeral 5 corner medallions. At left, an oval portrait vignette of a man in early 19th-century attire. Bank title EL BANCO DE CALDAS arches across the upper portion in bold letterpress. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | EL BANCO DE CALDAS SECCIÓN HIPOTECARIA ESTABLECIDA EN VIRTUD DE CONTRATO CON EL GOBIERNO DE LA REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA DE ACUERDO CON LA LEY 24 DE 1905 PAGARÁ AL PORTADOR, EN LAS CONDICIONES INDICADAS AL RESPALDO, LA CANTIDAD DE CINCO PESOS ORO LEGAL AL INTERÉS DEL CUATRO POR CIENTO ANUAL LOS INTERESES SE PAGARÁN EL 31 DE JULIO DE CADA AÑO EL CAPITAL SE PAGARÁ EL DÍA ___ DE ___ DE 19__ MANIZALES (COLOMBIA) ___ DE ___ DE 191__ EL GERENTE EL SECRETARIO AMERICAN BANK NOTE COMPANY |
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| Comments |
Banco de Caldas was a departmental bank operating out of Manizales, one of several regional Colombian institutions that issued their own currency under the framework established after the abolition of the Banco Nacional in 1894. The American Bank Note Company produced paper for dozens of Latin American clients simultaneously, and the Caldas plates reflect that efficiency — competent work, unremarkable within ABNC's Colombian output.
The "Pesos Oro Legal" denomination was a deliberate legal distinction, pegging the note's value to gold rather than the depreciating paper peso that had plagued Colombia through the Thousand Days War and its aftermath. By 1919, the worst of the monetary chaos had settled, but the explicit "Oro Legal" remained politically necessary reassurance.