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5 Pesos El Banco de Guanajuato
| Issuer | El Banco de Guanajuato |
|---|---|
| Year | 1900-1914 |
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| Printer | American Bank Note Company, New York, United States |
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| Obverse description | Green and black note with a large intaglio oval portrait vignette of a male figure in formal attire positioned to the left. The centre carries the bold denomination numeral '5' within an ornate guilloche rosette, flanked by the inscription 'CINCO PESOS' in large letterpress type. The bank title 'BANCO DE GUANAJUATO' curves across the top in prominent engraved lettering, with the place name 'GUANAJUATO' and a manuscript date line below the central text. Three signature lines appear at the foot, with printed role titles for Consejero, Interventor del Gobierno, and Gerente. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Uniformly printed in green, the reverse is dominated by three large interlocking guilloche rosettes, each centred with the numeral '5', arranged horizontally across the full width of the note. Intricate lathe-work borders and engine-turned scroll ornaments fill the surrounding space. The inscription 'BANCO DE GUANAJUATO' appears in a recessed panel at the lower centre, with the printer's imprint 'AMERICAN BANK NOTE COMPANY, NEW YORK' in small type along the bottom margin. A small revenue or fiscal control stamp vignette is visible in the lower-left corner. |
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| Comments |
El Banco de Guanajuato was one of the regional banks authorized under Mexico's 1897 Ley General de Instituciones de Crédito, which created a patchwork of state-chartered banks operating alongside the two privileged note-issuing banks — Banco Nacional de México and Banco de Londres y México. Regional banks like Guanajuato could issue notes, but only up to three times their metallic reserves, a constraint that became untenable during the revolutionary disruptions after 1910.
The series was killed off not by the bank's own failure but by Carranza's 1916 decree liquidating all pre-revolutionary banking institutions. Redemption was chaotic, and large quantities of provincial issues were simply never presented.