Catalog
5 Pesos
| Issuer | Mindanao Emergency Currency Board |
|---|---|
| Year | 1945 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse presents a text-dominated design within a decorative border of foliate and geometric ornaments, with numeral '5' corner vignettes and vertical tablet panels reading 'FIVE PESOS' on each side. The central field carries bilingual redemption and anti-counterfeiting notices in English and Filipino, with the issuing authority and denomination stated at the top. The overall impression is typeset letterpress on plain paper, characteristic of Philippine emergency guerrilla currency of the Second World War period. |
| Reverse lettering | ISSUED BY THE MINDANAO EMERGENCY CURRENCY BOARD PHILIPPINES FIVE PESOS This note is redeemable at face value after the emergency and will not be devaluated or discriminated against Kining sapta ikailisan sumala sa iyang bili tapus ang kasulbad og dili kakubsan ni kaayran Counterfeiting of this note will be severely punished Matbug-at nga silot ipahanstang sa mga bayat nag sundug ning sapta |
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| Comments |
The Mindanao Emergency Currency Board was one of several provincial guerrilla currency authorities that operated in the southern Philippines during the Japanese occupation. These notes were produced under genuinely difficult conditions — limited materials, no professional printing infrastructure, and the constant risk of discovery. The Mindanao issues are among the more organizationally coherent of the Philippine emergency series, reflecting the relatively strong guerrilla command structure that persisted in the south through 1944 and into 1945.
By the time this 1945 note was issued, American forces had already returned to Leyte. The currency served as much as a statement of continued civil authority as a transactional instrument.