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5 Pesos
| Issuer | Province of Negros Occidental |
|---|---|
| Year | 1942 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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| Obverse description | Plain unadorned note with a decorative border of small repeated geometric elements. The heading reads 'COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILIPPINES / PROVINCE OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL' with the date January 13, 1942 and series designation at upper right. The central text, in letterpress, carries the pay-to-bearer obligation and denomination 'FIVE PESOS (Philippine Currency)', with a charge against the deposit of the Provincial Treasurer of Negros Occidental with the Philippine National Bank, Bacolod Branch. The serial number, series date, and two manuscript signatures — those of the Acting Provincial Auditor and the Provincial Treasurer — appear in the lower portion. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse is largely plain, printed on unadorned paper with a fine guilloche-style underprint of interlocking circular patterns in light yellow-tan. A simple rectangular border of small repeated geometric ornaments frames the note. The denomination 'FIVE PESOS' is printed in large bold letterpress type at the centre, with the numeral '5' and the word 'PESOS' repeated vertically along both left and right margins. |
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| Comments |
Negros Occidental issued its own emergency currency in 1942 after Japanese forces occupied the Philippines and severed normal banking channels. These provincial guerrilla notes — issued under the authority of the Commonwealth government in exile — were produced locally with whatever materials were available, which accounts for the considerable variation in paper stock and print quality seen across surviving examples.
The S637 designation places this within the Philippine guerrilla issues documented by the Pick catalog. Negros Occidental maintained organized resistance longer than most provinces, and its currency circulated among civilians and resistance fighters alike well into the occupation period.